Simple and Complex Dislocation and Fractures of The Elbow

The elbow is a crucial joint in the upper limb, allowing precise placement of the hand for functional activities. The elbow joint is formed by the articulation of the distal humerus, proximal ulna, radio-capitellar, and proximal radioulnar joints. The ulnohumeral articulation is the main stabilizer of the elbow, while the radiocapitellar joint contributes to valgus stability. Additional stability is provided by the anterior and posterior joint capsules, as well as the medial and lateral collateral ligament complexes. The elbow’s dynamic stabilizers include the flexor/pronator and extensor/supinator muscle groups, which adjust tension depending on forearm position.

Elbow injuries can range from simple dislocations to complex fracture-dislocations, and the joint’s tendency to develop stiffness makes it one of the most challenging areas in upper extremity rehabilitation. Prompt reduction of dislocations and fractures, followed by a carefully structured rehabilitation program, is essential for restoring function and preventing long-term complications.

This webinar will examine the detailed anatomy of the elbow, supported by cadaveric video demonstrations illustrating joint biomechanics. It will also present evidence-based therapeutic strategies for managing common elbow dislocations and fractures, including terrible triad injuries, with a focus on techniques that enhance functional outcomes and reduce complications.

Learning Objective

• Identify the bony and ligamentous structures contributing to elbow stability and describe their functional roles during movement.
• Differentiate between the primary and secondary stabilizers of the elbow and explain how forearm positioning influences ligament tension.
• Recognize the clinical presentation and classification of simple and complex elbow dislocations and associated fractures.
• Apply evidence-based therapeutic principles in designing rehabilitation protocols for elbow injuries to optimize range of motion and functional recovery.
• Interpret elbow biomechanics through cadaveric video demonstrations to enhance clinical reasoning in injury management.